67% of patients in US will survive at least 5 years
20,000 genes in the genome, dozen of which like HER2 causes unwanted cell divisions
While cancer starts with one cell, the daughter cells mutate in other ways, making one treatment difficult. Hence multiple treatments are needed.
Another difficulty is cancer evolves and become resistant to chemo.
Liquid biopsy can check the progress of cancer, tell whether the drug is working or not.
Opdivo is really a miracle, causing tumor to shrink in 60-70% of patients of melanoma.
More than half the patients under treatment are still alive.
Across the board though, it works on 20% of all cancers.
There are thousands of trials now on immunotherapy
Oncology market could be US$50-100bn industry
Cancer treatment could be $200k per year
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